yea this is not hard though,,
this things that they put on your head are called electrodes,, they interpret the biological voltages and currents(ions) in your head into electrical voltages and currents(electrons)
they put a gel between the electrode and your head to make the chemical process easier as the Gel has cations of the same material as the electrode
,,i did study this in a subject about medical instruments , the instrument is called EEG
this machine shows the electrical waves in your brain,, so once you got em you just input them into a controller that handles this waves according to your program(means the way u like) you can use em to use you computer ,, to drive a robot ,,,,etc