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Electronics => Electronics => Topic started by: Sergey M on February 15, 2011, 10:42:33 AM

Title: The simple robot "CYBERNETIC ANT"
Post by: Sergey M on February 15, 2011, 10:42:33 AM
CYBERNETIC ANT


1. THE DESCRIPTION

Use of original technological decisions will allow any beginning to collect a robotics cybernetic ant capable to run for a small lamp beam, to bypass obstacles. But there is more to come! The cybernetic ant can be modified as in the designer to add various functions. For assemblage of the robot printed-circuit board manufacturing is not required, its case is executed from. A cardboard! And nevertheless it extraordinary прочен that is reached for the effect account многослойности and non-standard fixing elements. Thus all radio components are easily soldered and strongly kept on the positions!
(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/25467789.jpg)

(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/47923426.jpg)

(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/97284635.jpg)

[youtube]Cybernetic ant 2 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hy09tIVbFEE&feature=player_embedded#ws)[/youtube]

[youtube]Cybernetic ant 1 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbajdtDSQW4&feature=player_embedded#)[/youtube]

[youtube]Cybernetic ant 3 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_z6ZAAfcPQ&feature=player_embedded#ws)[/youtube]

CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONALITY.

  Feature of "a cybernetic ant" in that that in its scheme the quantity of radio components is used minimum. The electric scheme contains only two phototransistors, two transistors, two diodes and two light-emitting diodes. The robot is capable to move behind a light source, maneuvering precisely to move to a static light source, to overcome obstacles реверсированием shaft of engines.

  The algorithm of movement to light is simple. If the light source on the right the right phototransistor and the robot is more strongly shined turns to the right. If the light source at the left the left phototransistor and the robot is more strongly shined turns to the left. As a rule in the standard scheme, for change of a direction of rotation of shaft of engines use the transistor bridge. In the scheme of the robot-ant the problem is solved by introduction of the bipolar power supply.

(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/58966066.jpg)

1. Microswitches with a metal strip.
2. Phototransistors FT-2K.
3. Blinking light-emitting diode ARL5013-URC-B.
4. Field transistors KP505A.
5. Штеккер switchings of modes.
6. A decorative armour.
7. Two-section cases for batteries "AA".
8. Motors QX-FF-130-14230.
9. A protector.
10. Blinking light-emitting diode ARL5013-URC-B.
11. A tactile moustache.

WORK PRINCIPLE.

  The electric scheme is presented on fig. 1. Initial position of jumper-crosspiece JP1 defines a mode in which the robot will function. If the jumper to be in position "Step" shown on the scheme the robot will bypass obstacles. If jumper JP1 is in the family way "Photo" the robot will move towards a light source.

  Let's consider a situation when jumper JP1 will be in position "Step" under the scheme. Two compound batteries GB1 and GB2 are included consistently. In a point of their connection concerning the top and bottom potentials of batteries there will be a relative zero potential. Both motors are connected to this zero potential by the left conclusions under the scheme. It means that changing a potential sign on free (right under the scheme) conclusions of motors M1, M2 it is possible to change a direction of rotation of shaft of any of engines independently.

  After inclusion of food SA1 through diodes VD1, VD2 on shutters of field transistors VT3, VT4 the positive potential arrives. Transistors open in this potential and resistance of the channel a drain-source becomes minimum. Simultaneously to conclusions of 3 microswitches SF1, SF2 the negative potential which passes through normally closed contacts 1, to the left conclusions under the scheme of both 1 motors M1, M2 arrives. As the right conclusions under the scheme of both motors are connected to плюсовому to battery GB2 conclusion, their shaft start to rotate. The robot goes forward.

(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/31634567.jpg)

DETAILS AND MATERIALS.

  The case is made of a two-layer cardboard. The list of radio components is resulted in table 1. As the power supply it is used four elements of a standard size "AA" with pressure of 1,5 volts. On power supply positions establish two cases calculated under batteries of the specified standard size. 1N4148 it is possible to replace diodes of import manufacture on domestic КД522 or КД521. High loading ability of transistors KP505A allows to connect almost all kinds of low-voltage engines used in children's toys or before the got.

(http://rassionrobots.ucoz.ru/_pu/0/65221360.jpg)


The STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTION of ASSEMBLAGE of the ROBOT is presented under these references:
1. http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej/20-1-0-47 (http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej/20-1-0-47)

2. http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej_chast_2/20-1-0-48 (http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej_chast_2/20-1-0-48)

3. http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej_chast_3/20-1-0-51 (http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej_chast_3/20-1-0-51)


If the transfer presented here is badly clear, take advantage of the translator, or the translator online. If you have questions ask, we will try to help =)

Article address: http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej/20-1-0-47 (http://www.servodroid.ru/publ/blog_droid_39_a/sborka_robotetekhnicheskikh_konstrukcij_vsekh_urovnej_slozhnosti/kiberneticheskij_muravej/20-1-0-47)
The material belongs to a site www.servodroid.ru (http://www.servodroid.ru)
Title: Re: The simple robot "CYBERNETIC ANT"
Post by: Sergey M on February 15, 2011, 10:45:16 AM
YouTube-video:

1. Cybernetic ant 2 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hy09tIVbFEE&feature=player_embedded#ws)
2. Cybernetic ant 3 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_z6ZAAfcPQ&feature=player_embedded#ws)
3. Cybernetic ant 1 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbajdtDSQW4&feature=player_embedded#)